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What Happens During an Upper GI Endoscopy — and How to Prepare

Doctor performing upper GI endoscopy with flexible endoscope
Doctor performing upper GI endoscopy with flexible endoscope

If you’ve been booked for an upper GI endoscopy (also known as a gastroscopy), you may be feeling a little nervous — especially if it’s your first time. Don’t worry — the procedure is quick, safe, and offers valuable insight into your digestive health.

Dr Sherif – Consultant Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeon is highly experienced and will walk you through what to expect and how to prepare, so you feel confident and informed on the day of your procedure.

What Is an Upper GI Endoscopy?

An upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a medical test that allows your doctor to examine the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the small intestine (duodenum) using a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope. The tip of the endoscope has a tiny camera and light that sends real-time images to a screen, helping your doctor detect:
  • Inflammation (e.g. gastritis, esophagitis)
  • Ulcers
  • Hiatus hernias
  • Tumors or growths
  • Signs of acid reflux or Barrett’s esophagus
  • H. pylori infection (via biopsy)

Why Might You Need an Upper GI Endoscopy?

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have:
  • Persistent heartburn or acid reflux (GERD)
  • Unexplained stomach pain or bloating
  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Black or tarry stools
  • Suspected ulcers or bleeding in the upper digestive tract
It’s also used for follow-up in people with chronic conditions like Barrett’s esophagus or peptic ulcer disease.

What Happens During the Procedure?

An upper GI endoscopy is typically performed as an outpatient procedure, meaning you go home the same day. Here’s what you can expect:
  1. Check-In and Preparation
  • You’ll change into a hospital gown.
  • A nurse will check your vital signs and review your medical history.
  • You will be asked to sign a consent form.
  1. Sedation
  • Most patients receive light sedation through an IV to help them relax or sleep lightly during the procedure.
  • Your throat may also be sprayed with a local anesthetic to reduce discomfort and prevent gagging.
  1. The Procedure
  • Once you’re comfortable, the doctor gently inserts the endoscope through your mouth and into your esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
  • The procedure is not painful, but you might feel slight pressure or fullness.
  • If needed, your doctor may take biopsies (tiny tissue samples) or perform treatments like stopping a bleed or removing polyps.
  1. Recovery
  • The procedure usually takes 10–20 minutes.
  • Afterward, you’ll rest in a recovery area until the sedation wears off.
  • You may feel a bit drowsy or have a mild sore throat, which typically resolves within a day.

How to Prepare for Your Endoscopy

Patient undergoing gastroscopy to examine the stomach and esophagus

Proper preparation helps ensure the procedure is safe and effective.

The Day Before:

  • Fasting: Do not eat or drink anything for 6 hours before your endoscopy (including water, milk, coffee, or chewing gum).
  • Medications: Tell your doctor if you’re taking blood thinners, diabetes medication, or any supplements. You may need to adjust or pause them.
  • Arrange Transport: Since you’ll receive sedation, you cannot drive yourself home. Arrange for a family member or friend to accompany you.

 On the Day:

  • Wear comfortable clothing.
  • Leave valuables and jewellery at home.
  • Bring your ID, hospital documents, and current medications.

After the Procedure

  • You can usually eat and drink again after the sedative wears off, unless advised otherwise.
  • Avoid alcohol, driving, or signing legal documents for the rest of the day.
  • Some mild bloating or a sore throat is normal and should pass quickly.
Your doctor will either give you a summary before you go home or schedule a follow-up appointment to discuss the results and any biopsies.

When to Seek Medical Attention Afterward

While complications are rare, contact your doctor immediately if you experience:

  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Vomiting blood or passing black stools
  • High fever or chills
  • Difficulty breathing or swallowing

Book Your Endoscopy with Confidence

Dr Sherif offers safe, modern endoscopy services in a calm and supportive environment. Our experienced team ensures your procedure is as comfortable and stress-free as possible.

Dr Sherif – Trusted Digestive Health Specialist Near You

About Dr Sherif Awad

Dr Sherif is a leading experienced Consultant General, Laparoscopic, Upper Gastrointestinal and Weight Loss Surgeon based at Emirates Speciality Hospital (Healthcare City).

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